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Understanding how automation changes work — task by task, with the evidence shown and the uncertainty admitted.

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On this pageHow it connectsIn the official classificationWhat O*NET rates highestEach task in O*NET's termsRules that bind this workOur task judgementsSources and rules
Occupations›Translator / Interpreter›Ontology

Translator / Interpreter — skills, knowledge and links

Where this job sits in the official classifications, what those classifications say it demands, and what it connects to. Every block names its source: our own judgements, the U.S. Department of Labor's O*NET, or the U.S. Department of Education.

How it connects#

Degrees that lead here
EnglishVOLO judgement
TranslatorO*NET 27-3091.00
Related occupations on this site (O*NET)
Speech-language pathologist / speech and language therapistO*NET 31.0Editor and proofreaderO*NET 31.0School teacherO*NET 31.0Technical writer / documentation engineerO*NET 31.0

O*NET also lists (no page here yet): Foreign Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary · Speech-Language Pathology Assistants · Adult Basic Education, Adult Secondary Education, and English as a Second Language Instructors · English Language and Literature Teachers, Postsecondary · Tutors · Social Science Research Assistants

In the official classification#

O*NET-SOC 27-3091.00 · O*NET 31.0

Interpreters and Translators

Fit with this page: same job

Job Zone 4: considerable preparation

See it on O*NET OnLine ↗

In Europe, internationally and in Singapore

ESCO 2643.6 · ESCO

translator

Fit with this page: covers part of this page

See it in ESCO ↗
ISCO-08 2643 · ILO

Translators, interpreters and other linguists

Fit with this page: same job

SSOC 2024 26431 · Singapore DOS

Translator

Fit with this page: same job

What O*NET rates highest#

From O*NET 27-3091.00 (Interpreters and Translators). Ordered by O*NET's importance rating; the words are O*NET's own scale anchors.

Transferable skills

  1. Social PerceptivenessImportant
  2. Service OrientationImportant
  3. Judgment and Decision MakingImportant
  4. CoordinationImportant
  5. InstructingImportant
  6. Complex Problem SolvingImportant
  7. Time ManagementImportant
  8. PersuasionImportant

Knowledge

  1. English LanguageExtremely important
  2. Foreign LanguageVery important
  3. Customer and Personal ServiceVery important
  4. Education and TrainingImportant
  5. AdministrativeImportant
  6. Public Safety and SecurityImportant

Work activities

  1. Interpreting the Meaning of Information for OthersExtremely important
  2. Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal RelationshipsVery important
  3. Communicating with Supervisors, Peers, or SubordinatesVery important
  4. Updating and Using Relevant KnowledgeVery important
  5. Identifying Objects, Actions, and EventsVery important
  6. Getting InformationVery important

Abilities

  1. Oral ExpressionVery important
  2. Oral ComprehensionVery important
  3. Written ComprehensionVery important
  4. Written ExpressionVery important
  5. Speech RecognitionVery important
  6. Speech ClarityVery important

Essential skills

  1. SpeakingVery important
  2. Active ListeningVery important
  3. Reading ComprehensionVery important
  4. WritingVery important
  5. Critical ThinkingVery important

Each task in O*NET's terms#

O*NET describes work as detailed activities. Each of this page's 5 tasks is matched only against the activities O*NET lists for this occupation, with a stated fit; 5 match at least one. The alignment and its fit are this site's judgement, made task by task by its AI agent (Claude) on 2026-09-26; O*NET does not align tasks like ours. The activity names are O*NET's, the translations ours.

  • First-draft translation of routine text
    Translate information for others.O*NET's activity is broader · Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others · O*NET 31.0The same activity in: Interpreter
  • Post-editing machine output
    Edit written materials.O*NET's activity is broader · Making Decisions and Solving Problems · O*NET 31.0The same activity in: Editor and proofreader
  • Translation where being wrong is expensive
    Translate information for others.O*NET's activity is broader · Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others · O*NET 31.0The same activity in: Interpreter
  • Deciding what to change, not just how to say it
    Translate information for others.the closest O*NET has, not the same · Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others · O*NET 31.0The same activity in: Interpreter
  • Interpreting in the room
    Translate information for others.O*NET's activity is broader · Interpreting the Meaning of Information for Others · O*NET 31.0The same activity in: Interpreter

Rules that bind this work#

Laws, regulations, court rules, regulators' guidance and collective agreements that this page's verified records read — each with the verb that matters and whom it binds. Read from each record by this site's AI agent (Claude) on 2026-09-26. Official names stay in their own language.

United States · regulation

Nondiscrimination in Health Programs and Activities

45 CFR 92.201(c)(2)–(3): qualified translators; machine translation of critical text reviewed by a qualified human translator · must · binds an organisation (employer, deployer, operator) · requires a person to do, decide or answer for it → Translation where being wrong is expensive

2024-05-06 · the record →
VOLO judgement

Our task judgements#

O*NET says what this job demands. It does not say what automation is doing to it — that is what this site's 5 task judgements are for: 4 backed by a verified event, 1 platform inference. VOLO judgement

Every task, one by one →What they rest on →

Sources and rules#

  • Each block says where it comes from: this site's own judgements, O*NET, the U.S. Department of Education's CIP–SOC crosswalk, the European ESCO classification and its official crosswalk to O*NET, the ILO's ISCO-08, Singapore's SSOC 2024, or something computed mechanically from those. Nothing on this page is a rating we made up.
  • O*NET's importance ratings are used only to order and shorten the lists. They are never combined with this site's impact index or evidence counts.
  • The fit between our page and an O*NET occupation is our judgement and is stated per code: same job, broader, part of it, or only the closest there is.
  • The ESCO and ISCO-08 fits are derived mechanically from the official ESCO–O*NET crosswalk; where we override it, we say why in our data (for example, the crosswalk pairs radiologists with radiographers, which is a different job). The SSOC 2024 fit is our reading of the Singapore Department of Statistics' own titles and definitions. Official names are shown as their publishers write them; we do not translate them.
  • Each task is matched only against the detailed work activities O*NET lists for the codes this page maps to. Where nothing fits, the page says why instead of forcing a match: work O*NET does not describe yet (used only for tasks we judge to be emerging), or nothing in O*NET's list for this occupation. An alignment never changes a task's direction, its basis or the impact index.
  • Rules are read only from this site's verified records. A rule's official name must appear word for word in a record that reads it, so no name is made up; a policy mandate is read only as 'must', 'must not' or 'funds', because 'should' and 'in principle' are not a mandate. Reading a rule never changes a task's direction, its basis or the impact index.
  • How these pieces fit together — objects, links and the actions that change them — is drawn as one diagram: The VOLO ontology
  • ESCO (European Commission), occupation records from the ESCO API; CC BY 4.0. ESCO–O*NET crosswalk, ESCO Secretariat with the U.S. Department of Labor/ETA, version 1 (Sep 2022), O*NET-SOC 2019 ↔ ESCO v1.1.0; CC BY 4.0. Singapore Department of Statistics, Singapore Standard Occupational Classification 2024 and its correspondence with ISCO-08.
  • O*NET 31.0 Database, August 2026 release, U.S. Department of Labor/Employment and Training Administration, CC BY 4.0. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. The translations of O*NET descriptors on this page are ours, not O*NET's.
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