VOLOVLOAutomation risk & transition, task by task
AskOccupationsMajorsBusinessFoundersChangesNotesMethod
Search occupations, majors…
EN
  • English
  • 简体中文
  • 日本語
  • Español
  • Português
  • Français
VLO
VOLO

Understanding how automation changes work — task by task, with the evidence shown and the uncertainty admitted.

AskOccupationsMajorsBusinessFoundersChangesNotesMethodWill AI replace my job?AboutRole diagnosisOpen dataOntologyVOLO ProPrivacyTerms
© 2026 VOLO
Occupations
All occupations
AI / software
Translator / InterpreterBank tellerCopywriterContent moderatorCustomer service representativeAdministrative assistantSoftware tester / QA engineerData entry clerkGraphic designerParalegalVideo editorAccountant / BookkeeperMarketing specialistFrontend developerTax preparer / tax agentVoice actorMedical coderData analystInsurance claims handlerTechnical writer / documentation engineerJunior software developerInsurance underwriterHR / recruiterLoan officer / credit officerFinancial analystProcurement / supply chain specialistJournalistSales / account managerReal estate agentNetwork engineerIllustratorIT support specialist / helpdeskAuditorSupply chain plannerManagement consultantPhotographerBackend developerAI researcherProduct / UX designerBusiness systems ownerE-commerce operations specialistActuaryAnimator and VFX artistWriter and authorRadiologistData engineerProject managerData scientistCourt reporterEditor and proofreaderLawyerMedical assistant / clinic assistantQuantity surveyorContent creatorQuantitative analystMachine learning engineerExperienced software engineerDevOps / platform / SRE engineerBusiness analystMusician and composerProduct managerPharmacistPartnerships / channel managerSecurity analyst (SOC)Financial adviser / financial plannerInterpreterCompliance officerLibrarianArchitectFirst-line manager / team supervisorCounsellor / therapistRetail salesperson / shop assistantCivil / structural engineerElectrical engineerIndustrial engineerSecurity guardInterior designerUniversity lecturerBus driverInsurance agentMechanical engineerSchool teacherGeneral practitioner / primary care doctorAirline pilotWaiter / restaurant serverRadiographer / radiologic technologistAuto mechanic / vehicle technicianPolice officerSonographerAircraft maintenance technicianAir traffic controllerVeterinarianPhysiotherapist / rehabilitation therapistDentistSurgeonConstruction workerSocial workerRegistered nurseCare worker / nursing assistantPlumberAI implementation lead
RPA / self-service
Government service clerkOperations coordinatorMetro train driverReceptionist / front deskPharmacy technician
Robotics
Retail cashier / shop assistantContainer port workerWarehouse workerAssembly line workerMedical laboratory technicianActor and modelWelderChef / cookCleaner / janitorFarmerFirefighterCabin crewElectrician
Autonomous driving
Ride-hail / taxi driverTruck driverDelivery rider / courier
Majors
All majorsEnglish / Foreign languagesComputer scienceAccountingPsychologyJournalism / CommunicationFinanceLawVisual communication designMarketingNursingBusiness administrationEducation and teacher trainingArchitecturePublic administrationMedicineHospitality and tourism managementEconomicsInformation systems
Guides
Ask VOLOFor businessFor foundersRecent changesNotesRole diagnosisFirst AI experimentVOLO ProMethod & evidenceAboutFollow an occupationSearch
You are reading as:I have a jobI am studyingI run a companyI am building something
On this pageHow it connectsIn the official classificationWhat O*NET rates highestEach task in O*NET's termsRules that bind this workOur task judgementsSources and rules
Occupations›Musician and composer›Ontology

Musician and composer — skills, knowledge and links

Where this job sits in the official classifications, what those classifications say it demands, and what it connects to. Every block names its source: our own judgements, the U.S. Department of Labor's O*NET, or the U.S. Department of Education.

How it connects#

Degrees that lead here
—
Musician and composerO*NET 27-2042.00O*NET 27-2041.00
Related occupations on this site (O*NET)
Actor and modelO*NET 31.0Voice actorO*NET 31.0Video editorO*NET 31.0Content creatorO*NET 31.0

O*NET also lists (no page here yet): Music Directors and Composers · Choreographers · Dancers · Art, Drama, and Music Teachers, Postsecondary · Talent Directors · Musical Instrument Repairers and Tuners · Music Therapists · Poets, Lyricists and Creative Writers

In the official classification#

O*NET-SOC 27-2042.00 · O*NET 31.0

Musicians and Singers

Fit with this page: covers part of this page

Job Zone 4: considerable preparation

See it on O*NET OnLine ↗
O*NET-SOC 27-2041.00 · O*NET 31.0

Music Directors and Composers

Fit with this page: covers part of this page

Job Zone 4: considerable preparation

See it on O*NET OnLine ↗

In Europe, internationally and in Singapore

ESCO 2652.3 · ESCO

musician

Fit with this page: covers part of this page

See it in ESCO ↗
ESCO 2652.1 · ESCO

composer

Fit with this page: covers part of this page

See it in ESCO ↗
ISCO-08 2652 · ILO

Musicians, singers and composers

Fit with this page: same job

SSOC 2024 26521 · Singapore DOS

Instrumentalist

Fit with this page: covers part of this page

SSOC 2024 26522 · Singapore DOS

Composer/Orchestrator

Fit with this page: covers part of this page

What O*NET rates highest#

From O*NET 27-2042.00 (Musicians and Singers). Ordered by O*NET's importance rating; the words are O*NET's own scale anchors.

Transferable skills

  1. Social PerceptivenessImportant
  2. CoordinationImportant
  3. Service OrientationImportant
  4. Time ManagementImportant
  5. PersuasionImportant
  6. Systems AnalysisImportant
  7. NegotiationImportant
  8. Judgment and Decision MakingImportant

Knowledge

  1. Fine ArtsExtremely important
  2. Education and TrainingImportant
  3. English LanguageImportant
  4. Administration and ManagementImportant
  5. Customer and Personal ServiceImportant
  6. Communications and MediaSomewhat important

Work activities

  1. Performing for or Working Directly with the PublicVery important
  2. Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal RelationshipsVery important
  3. Processing InformationVery important
  4. Identifying Objects, Actions, and EventsVery important
  5. Thinking CreativelyVery important
  6. Getting InformationVery important

Abilities

  1. Oral ComprehensionVery important
  2. Oral ExpressionVery important
  3. Hearing SensitivityVery important
  4. Written ComprehensionVery important
  5. MemorizationVery important
  6. Auditory AttentionVery important

Essential skills

  1. SpeakingImportant
  2. Active ListeningImportant
  3. MonitoringImportant
  4. Reading ComprehensionImportant
  5. Critical ThinkingImportant

Each task in O*NET's terms#

O*NET describes work as detailed activities. Each of this page's 5 tasks is matched only against the activities O*NET lists for this occupation, with a stated fit; 5 match at least one. The alignment and its fit are this site's judgement, made task by task by its AI agent (Claude) on 2026-09-26; O*NET does not align tasks like ours. The activity names are O*NET's, the translations ours.

  • Production, library and advertising music
    Create musical compositions, arrangements or scores.the closest O*NET has, not the same · Thinking Creatively · O*NET 31.0
  • Writing and releasing songs
    Create musical compositions, arrangements or scores.the closest O*NET has, not the same · Thinking Creatively · O*NET 31.0
    Perform for recordings.covers part of this task · Performing for or Working Directly with the Public · O*NET 31.0The same activity in: Content creator
  • Scoring film, television and games
    Create musical compositions, arrangements or scores.the closest O*NET has, not the same · Thinking Creatively · O*NET 31.0
  • Performing live
    Perform music for the public.the closest O*NET has, not the same · Performing for or Working Directly with the Public · O*NET 31.0
  • Rights, licensing and royalties
    Negotiate for services.covers part of this task · Resolving Conflicts and Negotiating with Others · O*NET 31.0

Rules that bind this work#

Laws, regulations, court rules, regulators' guidance and collective agreements that this page's verified records read — each with the verb that matters and whom it binds. Read from each record by this site's AI agent (Claude) on 2026-09-26. Official names stay in their own language.

United States · collective agreement

Basic Theatrical and Television Motion Picture Agreements

item 6, Artificial Intelligence (U-9): musicians include only humans; notice and payment when a score uses a generative-AI soundtrack prompted by covered recordings · must · binds an organisation (employer, deployer, operator) → Scoring film, television and games

2024-02-24 · the record →
VOLO judgement

Our task judgements#

O*NET says what this job demands. It does not say what automation is doing to it — that is what this site's 5 task judgements are for: 3 backed by a verified event, 2 platform inference. VOLO judgement

Every task, one by one →What they rest on →

Sources and rules#

  • Each block says where it comes from: this site's own judgements, O*NET, the U.S. Department of Education's CIP–SOC crosswalk, the European ESCO classification and its official crosswalk to O*NET, the ILO's ISCO-08, Singapore's SSOC 2024, or something computed mechanically from those. Nothing on this page is a rating we made up.
  • O*NET's importance ratings are used only to order and shorten the lists. They are never combined with this site's impact index or evidence counts.
  • The fit between our page and an O*NET occupation is our judgement and is stated per code: same job, broader, part of it, or only the closest there is.
  • The ESCO and ISCO-08 fits are derived mechanically from the official ESCO–O*NET crosswalk; where we override it, we say why in our data (for example, the crosswalk pairs radiologists with radiographers, which is a different job). The SSOC 2024 fit is our reading of the Singapore Department of Statistics' own titles and definitions. Official names are shown as their publishers write them; we do not translate them.
  • Each task is matched only against the detailed work activities O*NET lists for the codes this page maps to. Where nothing fits, the page says why instead of forcing a match: work O*NET does not describe yet (used only for tasks we judge to be emerging), or nothing in O*NET's list for this occupation. An alignment never changes a task's direction, its basis or the impact index.
  • Rules are read only from this site's verified records. A rule's official name must appear word for word in a record that reads it, so no name is made up; a policy mandate is read only as 'must', 'must not' or 'funds', because 'should' and 'in principle' are not a mandate. Reading a rule never changes a task's direction, its basis or the impact index.
  • How these pieces fit together — objects, links and the actions that change them — is drawn as one diagram: The VOLO ontology
  • ESCO (European Commission), occupation records from the ESCO API; CC BY 4.0. ESCO–O*NET crosswalk, ESCO Secretariat with the U.S. Department of Labor/ETA, version 1 (Sep 2022), O*NET-SOC 2019 ↔ ESCO v1.1.0; CC BY 4.0. Singapore Department of Statistics, Singapore Standard Occupational Classification 2024 and its correspondence with ISCO-08.
  • O*NET 31.0 Database, August 2026 release, U.S. Department of Labor/Employment and Training Administration, CC BY 4.0. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. The translations of O*NET descriptors on this page are ours, not O*NET's.
← Back to Musician and composerThe other layer: every task, one by one →