VOLOVLOAutomation risk & transition, task by task
AskOccupationsMajorsBusinessFoundersChangesNotesMethod
Search occupations, majors…
EN
  • English
  • 简体中文
  • 日本語
  • Español
  • Português
  • Français
VLO
VOLO

Understanding how automation changes work — task by task, with the evidence shown and the uncertainty admitted.

AskOccupationsMajorsBusinessFoundersChangesNotesMethodWill AI replace my job?AboutRole diagnosisOpen dataOntologyVOLO ProPrivacyTerms
© 2026 VOLO
Occupations
All occupations
AI / software
Translator / InterpreterBank tellerCopywriterContent moderatorCustomer service representativeAdministrative assistantSoftware tester / QA engineerData entry clerkGraphic designerParalegalVideo editorAccountant / BookkeeperMarketing specialistFrontend developerTax preparer / tax agentVoice actorMedical coderData analystInsurance claims handlerTechnical writer / documentation engineerJunior software developerInsurance underwriterHR / recruiterLoan officer / credit officerFinancial analystProcurement / supply chain specialistJournalistSales / account managerReal estate agentNetwork engineerIllustratorTravel agent / travel advisorIT support specialist / helpdeskAuditorSupply chain plannerManagement consultantPhotographerBackend developerAI researcherProduct / UX designerBusiness systems ownerE-commerce operations specialistActuaryAnimator and VFX artistWriter and authorPayroll specialist / payroll clerkRadiologistData engineerProject managerData scientistCourt reporterEditor and proofreaderLawyerMedical assistant / clinic assistantQuantity surveyorContent creatorQuantitative analystMachine learning engineerExperienced software engineerDevOps engineer / platform engineer / SREBusiness analystMusician and composerGIS analyst / cartographerProperty appraiser / valuerProduct managerDietitian / nutritionistPharmacistPartnerships / channel managerSecurity analyst (SOC)Financial adviser / financial plannerInterpreterPathologistChip design engineerCompliance officerLibrarianDrafter / CAD technicianArchitectFirst-line manager / team supervisorCounsellor / psychotherapistRetail salesperson / shop assistantCivil / structural engineerElectrical engineerIndustrial engineerSecurity guardInterior designerUniversity lecturerPsychologistBus driverInsurance agentMechanical engineerFashion designerOptometristSchool teacherGeneral practitioner / primary care doctorAirline pilotDriving instructorUrban plannerWaiter / restaurant serverRadiographer / radiologic technologistAuto mechanic / vehicle technicianPolice officerSonographerAircraft maintenance technicianDental hygienistAnaesthesiologist / anaesthetistAir traffic controllerVeterinarianBartender / baristaPhysiotherapist / rehabilitation therapistDentistSurgeonParamedic / EMTConstruction workerSocial workerJudge / magistrateRegistered nurseMassage therapistCare worker / nursing assistantPlumberAI implementation lead
RPA / self-service
Government service clerkOperations coordinatorMetro train driverReceptionist / front deskPharmacy technician
Robotics
Retail cashier / shop assistantContainer port workerWarehouse workerAssembly line workerMedical laboratory technicianActor and modelWelderChef / cookGardener / landscaperCleaner / janitorFarmerFirefighterHVAC technicianBricklayer / blocklayerCabin crewHairdresser / barberElectrician
Autonomous driving
Ride-hail / taxi driverTruck driverDelivery rider / courier
Majors
All majorsEnglish / Foreign languagesComputer scienceAccountingPsychologyJournalism / CommunicationFinanceLawVisual communication designMarketingNursingBusiness administrationEducation and teacher trainingArchitecturePublic administrationMedicineHospitality and tourism managementEconomicsInformation systems
Guides
Ask VOLOFor businessFor foundersRecent changesNotesRole diagnosisFirst AI experimentVOLO ProMethod & evidenceAboutFollow an occupationSearch
You are reading as:I have a jobI am studyingI run a companyI am building something
On this pageHow it connectsIn the official classificationWhat O*NET rates highestEach task in O*NET's termsOur task judgementsSources and rules
Occupations›Massage therapist›Ontology

Massage therapist — skills, knowledge and links

Where this job sits in the official classifications, what those classifications say it demands, and what it connects to. Every block names its source: our own judgements, the U.S. Department of Labor's O*NET, or the U.S. Department of Education.

How it connects#

Degrees that lead here
—
Massage therapistO*NET 31-9011.00
Related occupations on this site (O*NET)
Registered nurseO*NET 31.0

O*NET also lists (no page here yet): Physical Therapist Assistants · Recreational Therapists · Occupational Therapy Assistants · Physical Therapist Aides · Skincare Specialists · Occupational Therapy Aides · Respiratory Therapists · Radiation Therapists

In the official classification#

O*NET-SOC 31-9011.00 · O*NET 31.0

Massage Therapists

Fit with this page: same job

Job Zone 3: medium preparation

See it on O*NET OnLine ↗

In Europe, internationally and in Singapore

ESCO 3255.3 · ESCO

massage therapist

Fit with this page: covers part of this page

See it in ESCO ↗
ISCO-08 3255 · ILO

Physiotherapy technicians and assistants

Fit with this page: closest match, not the same job

SSOC 2024 32551 · Singapore DOS

Massage therapist

Fit with this page: same job

What O*NET rates highest#

From O*NET 31-9011.00 (Massage Therapists). Ordered by O*NET's importance rating; the words are O*NET's own scale anchors.

Transferable skills

  1. Social PerceptivenessImportant
  2. Service OrientationImportant
  3. Judgment and Decision MakingImportant
  4. Complex Problem SolvingImportant
  5. Time ManagementImportant
  6. CoordinationSomewhat important
  7. Systems AnalysisSomewhat important
  8. Systems EvaluationSomewhat important

Knowledge

  1. Customer and Personal ServiceVery important
  2. English LanguageImportant
  3. BiologyImportant
  4. Medicine and DentistryImportant
  5. PsychologyImportant
  6. Education and TrainingImportant

Work activities

  1. Performing General Physical ActivitiesExtremely important
  2. Assisting and Caring for OthersVery important
  3. Getting InformationVery important
  4. Establishing and Maintaining Interpersonal RelationshipsVery important
  5. Making Decisions and Solving ProblemsVery important
  6. Updating and Using Relevant KnowledgeVery important

Abilities

  1. Dynamic StrengthVery important
  2. Trunk StrengthVery important
  3. Oral ComprehensionVery important
  4. Oral ExpressionVery important
  5. Manual DexterityVery important
  6. Multilimb CoordinationImportant

Essential skills

  1. Active ListeningVery important
  2. SpeakingVery important
  3. Reading ComprehensionImportant
  4. Critical ThinkingImportant
  5. MonitoringImportant

Each task in O*NET's terms#

O*NET describes work as detailed activities. Each of this page's 4 tasks is matched only against the activities O*NET lists for this occupation, with a stated fit; 4 match at least one. The alignment and its fit are this site's judgement, made task by task by its AI agent (Claude) on 2026-09-26; O*NET does not align tasks like ours. The activity names are O*NET's, the translations ours.

  • Relaxation and wellness massage
    Administer therapeutic massages.the closest O*NET has, not the same · Assisting and Caring for Others · O*NET 31.0
  • Therapeutic and clinical massage
    Administer therapy treatments to patients using hands or physical treatment aids.the closest O*NET has, not the same · Assisting and Caring for Others · O*NET 31.0
  • Assessment and treatment planning
    Assess physical conditions of patients to aid in diagnosis or treatment.the closest O*NET has, not the same · Judging the Qualities of Objects, Services, or People · O*NET 31.0
    Develop patient therapy programs.covers part of this task · Thinking Creatively · O*NET 31.0
  • Client records and aftercare advice
    Maintain medical records.the closest O*NET has, not the same · Documenting/Recording Information · O*NET 31.0
    Teach medical procedures or medical equipment use to patients.covers part of this task · Training and Teaching Others · O*NET 31.0

Our task judgements#

O*NET says what this job demands. It does not say what automation is doing to it — that is what this site's 4 task judgements are for: 1 backed by a verified event, 3 platform inference. VOLO judgement

Every task, one by one →What they rest on →

Sources and rules#

  • Each block says where it comes from: this site's own judgements, O*NET, the U.S. Department of Education's CIP–SOC crosswalk, the European ESCO classification and its official crosswalk to O*NET, the ILO's ISCO-08, Singapore's SSOC 2024, or something computed mechanically from those. Nothing on this page is a rating we made up.
  • O*NET's importance ratings are used only to order and shorten the lists. They are never combined with this site's impact index or evidence counts.
  • The fit between our page and an O*NET occupation is our judgement and is stated per code: same job, broader, part of it, or only the closest there is.
  • The ESCO and ISCO-08 fits are derived mechanically from the official ESCO–O*NET crosswalk; where we override it, we say why in our data (for example, the crosswalk pairs radiologists with radiographers, which is a different job). The SSOC 2024 fit is our reading of the Singapore Department of Statistics' own titles and definitions. Official names are shown as their publishers write them; we do not translate them.
  • Each task is matched only against the detailed work activities O*NET lists for the codes this page maps to. Where nothing fits, the page says why instead of forcing a match: work O*NET does not describe yet (used only for tasks we judge to be emerging), or nothing in O*NET's list for this occupation. An alignment never changes a task's direction, its basis or the impact index.
  • Rules are read only from this site's verified records. A rule's official name must appear word for word in a record that reads it, so no name is made up; a policy mandate is read only as 'must', 'must not' or 'funds', because 'should' and 'in principle' are not a mandate. Reading a rule never changes a task's direction, its basis or the impact index.
  • How these pieces fit together — objects, links and the actions that change them — is drawn as one diagram: The VOLO ontology
  • ESCO (European Commission), occupation records from the ESCO API; CC BY 4.0. ESCO–O*NET crosswalk, ESCO Secretariat with the U.S. Department of Labor/ETA, version 1 (Sep 2022), O*NET-SOC 2019 ↔ ESCO v1.1.0; CC BY 4.0. Singapore Department of Statistics, Singapore Standard Occupational Classification 2024 and its correspondence with ISCO-08.
  • O*NET 31.0 Database, August 2026 release, U.S. Department of Labor/Employment and Training Administration, CC BY 4.0. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. The translations of O*NET descriptors on this page are ours, not O*NET's.
← Back to Massage therapistThe other layer: every task, one by one →